Rare Earth Specification And User

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Rare Earth Specification And Uses? Rare Earth Elements (REE) have been traded in a wide variety of forms since they were first exploited. Over the last 40 years the form of Chinese REE exports has changed considerably. In the 1970s exports were largely mineral concentrates, changing in the 1980s to predominantly mixed REE chemicals such as carbonates and chlorides. By the early 1990s separated REE oxides and metals were in greater demand, but by the end of the decade trade was dominated by REE magnets, phosphors and polishing powders. In the 2000s there is considerable trade in components and products containing REE such as magnets, computer hard drives, electric motors and liquid crystal displays (LCDs). Specifications for REE mineral concentrates, compounds and petals vary depending on their end-use. Advances in processing techniques have removed the markets for lower specification products, for example a 90 per cent cerium oxide product used in the glass industry has been replaced by higher-grade cerium products with little or no price penalty.